Botswana, the world’s leading producer of diamonds by value, has unveiled a new citizenship-by-investment (CBI) programme designed to attract foreign capital and reduce the country’s long-standing dependence on diamond revenues.
The golden passport scheme, expected to formally open in early 2026, will allow eligible foreign investors to acquire Botswana citizenship in exchange for a government contribution starting at $75,000.
Diversifying Beyond Diamonds
The initiative comes as Botswana seeks to diversify its economy amid a prolonged downturn in the global diamond market. Diamond exports account for roughly a third of the country’s GDP, and declining demand has placed pressure on public finances in the current budget cycle.
Authorities say the programme is part of a broader strategy to channel investment into sectors such as housing, tourism, mining, renewable energy and financial services.
“This programme will enable us to continue to secure the long-term financial future of Botswana,” President Duma Boko said in a statement.
How the Programme Will Work
Under the scheme, applicants will be required to make a direct government contribution ranging from $75,000 to $90,000. When due diligence checks, administrative costs and other fees are included, the total cost is expected to approach or slightly exceed $90,000, depending on family size.
The programme will operate under a quota system, with a limited number of citizenship slots available once enabling legislation is finalised. Official applications are expected to open in early 2026.
In a notable policy shift, Botswana’s programme will allow dual citizenship, breaking with the country’s historically restrictive stance on multiple nationalities.
Strong Early Interest From Global Investors
Early demand appears robust. According to figures cited by the Financial Times, the pre-launch registration portal recorded 464 expressions of interest from 77 countries within its first week.
Applicants from India, the United States, South Africa, Pakistan, Nigeria and Zimbabwe are leading early registrations. Many potential applicants have indicated plans to apply with family members, highlighting the programme’s appeal among high-net-worth individuals seeking long-term mobility and stability.
Botswana Joins a Growing African Trend
Botswana’s move places it among a growing group of African nations offering citizenship or residency through investment. Countries such as Egypt, Sierra Leone and São Tomé and Príncipe already operate active CBI programmes, with required contributions ranging from $90,000 to $250,000.
Other states, including Mauritius, Namibia, Kenya and Uganda, are exploring or developing similar schemes as they seek to attract foreign capital and accelerate economic diversification.
Opportunities and Concerns
Supporters argue that Botswana’s programme could unlock significant funding for priority sectors while positioning the country as a stable, investment-friendly destination in Southern Africa.
However, critics caution that citizenship-by-investment schemes carry reputational risks if not tightly regulated. They stress the importance of rigorous due diligence to prevent money laundering, corruption or the misuse of national passports.
A Potential Model for the Continent
If carefully implemented, analysts say Botswana’s golden passport programme could emerge as a benchmark for African nations looking to balance revenue generation with economic strategy and national integrity.
As global competition for mobile capital intensifies, Botswana is betting that stability, dual citizenship and a relatively accessible investment threshold will make its offer hard to ignore.
